10 Common Signs and Symptoms of Asperger's in Adults

10 Common Signs of Asperger's Syndrome in Adults

Asperger's syndrome is an autism spectrum disorder that can affect social skills, communication, interests, and coordination in adults who have average or above-average intelligence. While no two people experience Asperger's the same way, some common signs in adults include:

1. Difficulty with Social Interactions

Many adults with Asperger's struggle to engage in smooth, back-and-forth social discourse. They may feel unsure how to keep up conversation flow, take things too literally, or have difficulty understanding humor, sarcasm, and metaphorical language.

2. Problems Maintaining Eye Contact

Sustaining eye contact can be challenging for individuals with Asperger's. They may look away frequently when conversing or seem to stare through people instead of making direct eye contact.

3. Tendency to Infodump

Info-dumping refers to providing a lot of detail on a specific topic of interest without gauging if others are interested. Adults with Asperger's may infodump facts intensively on their preferred topic despite signals of boredom or disinterest from listeners.

4. Literal Thinking Style

Because language is often interpreted literally, adults with Asperger's can miss the implied meaning during conversations. Figurative phrases like "break a leg" may confuse them and sarcasm often goes over their heads as a result.

5. Unusual Body Language and Facial Expressions

From stiff gestures to lack of facial expressions, atypical body language is common in Asperger's. Movements may appear clumsy or exaggerated. Facial reactions frequently don't match the social situation appropriately.

6. Sensitivity to Certain Sounds, Textures, Smells, etc.

Heightened or decreased sensitivity to sensory stimuli is referred to as sensory processing disorder, impacting up to 90% of those with Asperger's. Noises, lighting, scents, tactile input, and more may be sensed as abnormally intense.

7. Clumsiness and Coordination Issues

Low muscle tone, poor balance, and other motor skill delays often lead to clumsiness in adults with Asperger's. Simple actions like running, handwriting, grasping objects, or riding a bike may prove challenging and awkward.

8. Adherence to Routines and Dislike of Change

Finding comfort and security in strict daily routines is common for Asperger's adults. Even minor disruptions to schedules, environments, or planned activities can heighten anxiety, stress, or meltdowns.

9. All-Consuming Interests in Specific Topics

Intense, obsessive interests are a hallmark symptom. Adults with Asperger's frequently have an all-encompassing fascination with one subject (train schedules, maps, historical facts, etc.) that dominates free time.

10. Difficulty Interpreting Nonverbal Signals

Reading subtle nonverbal cues like facial expressions, gestures, and tone of voice presents a challenge. Without these unspoken clues, the nuances of social interaction are often missed and misinterpreted.

Causes Behind Asperger's Syndrome

Medical experts are still investigating potential causes behind autism spectrum disorders like Asperger's syndrome. Currently, these three key factors are thought to play significant roles:

Genetics

Research suggests inherited genes are involved somehow. People with a family history of Asperger's or autism spectrum disorder are more likely to develop it themselves. Specific gene variants affect early brain development to influence social communication abilities later on.

Brain Structure and Function

Structural differences detected via neuroimaging technology show that the brains of AS individuals develop and operate differently. Discrepancies occur within areas governing social perception, coordination, focus, appropriate emotional responses, etc. Advanced scans also reveal signature connectivity patterns distinguishing AS brains.

Environmental Contributors

Studies indicate environmental conditions may further sway AS risk and severity. Possible external influences range from advanced parental age and premature birth to exposure to heavy metals, air pollution, pesticides, and banned prescription drugs during fetal development.

Getting an Asperger's Diagnosis

Since Asperger's syndrome can't be detected medically like many physical conditions, obtaining an accurate diagnosis involves assessing behaviors plus medical and family history. These key steps are typically followed:

Developmental Screening

Standardized questionnaires help clinicians flag potential concerns based on childhood development in areas like speech, motor skills, attention, social abilities, etc. Flagged areas prompt further formal evaluation.

Physical and Neurological Exam

To rule out conditions mimicking AS, doctors perform exams checking vision, hearing, balance, coordination, muscle tone, and reflexes. More in-depth neurological tests may assess thinking, judgment, and problem solving abilities as well.

Interviews Discussing Symptoms

In-office interviews allow clinicians and psychologists to review symptom checklists with adults while loved ones detail observable behaviors from an outside perspective. Combined insights build a comprehensive profile of symptoms.

Standard Diagnostic Assessments

Structured AS diagnostic tools like the autism diagnostic observation schedule and autism diagnostic interview gauge social interaction, communication challenges, restrictive interests, repetitive behaviors, and developmental delays specific to spectrum disorders.

Available Treatments for Managing Asperger's

Since no cure for Asperger's syndrome currently exists, treatment focuses on lessening associated difficulties through learning new coping methods and responses. Options include:

Social Skills Training

Structured programs build interpersonal skills by practicing proper eye contact, reading facial and bodily cues, initiating conversations, taking turns talking, understanding perspectives, resolving conflicts appropriately, and more through role playing.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

CBT helps individuals modify thought patterns while developing healthier behavioral reactions to emotions, anxiety, sensory issues, anger, disappointments, change, social settings, etc. Support groups can augment progress.

Speech and Occupational Therapy

Speech therapy assists with interpretation of figurative language and conversational reciprocity. Occupational therapy focuses on sensory integration training along with fine motor, coordination, and balance skills needed for tasks like writing, typing, riding a bike, driving, dressing, etc.

Social Stories and Comic Strip Conversations

Using simple visual resources explaining social situations and appropriate responses through examples aids social skill comprehension. Breaking down complex interpersonal dynamics makes them less intimidating.

Organization and Routine Modification

Tailoring organizational systems around executive functioning challenges can greatly reduce anxiety and stress. Adjustments allowing flexibility can help increase adaptability and self-management regarding schedules, responsibilities, environments, etc.

Outlook for Adults with Asperger's

While Asperger's presents difficulties, the future remains bright for adults on the spectrum who adopt self-care techniques and access resources. Many channels provide personalized guidance navigating relationships, education, employment accommodations, parenting, anxiety, depression and more.

Thanks to greater societal awareness and support, adults with AS can better leverage their often remarkable talents and passionate interests while leading fulfilling, independent lives.

FAQs

Can Asperger's be diagnosed in adults?

Yes, many adults realize they may have Asperger's later in life and get diagnosed appropriately through assessments of their behaviors and developmental history.

Do symptoms of Asperger's change with age?

While core symptoms like social challenges and sensory issues persist, adults often develop coping strategies to minimize difficulties and learn to play to their strengths as they mature.

What jobs are good for adults with Asperger's?

Careers matching intense interests around analysis, computing, research, writing, academics, sciences, or highly structured environments tend to be a good fit for Aspies in the workforce.

Can adults with Asperger's have meaningful relationships?

Yes, many adults with Asperger's use social skills training and therapy to foster positive connections. Understanding partners can further support success in relationships, parenting, and community.