Guide to Using Hair Perm Machines in Salons

What is a Hair Perm Machine?

A hair perm machine is a mechanical device that is used to permanently wave and curl the hair. While perms can be performed manually with chemical solutions and curling rods, hair perm machines enable the process to be automated for greater efficiency and consistency of results.

How Hair Perm Machines Work

The mechanical hair perm machine incorporates a perm head with several rotating rollers or mandrels. Sections of the hair are wrapped around the heated rollers, then a perm solution is evenly applied by the machines nozzles or spray system.

The machine helps set the curls by timing the processing and applying heat or steam at the ideal temperature and duration while the hair remains wrapped on the rod.

Types of Hair Perm Machines

There are a few common types of mechanical hair perm machines found in salons:

• Digital perm machine - features settings to control temperature and timers for different perm styles
• Steam perm machine - uses steam vents to process the permed hair
• Ceramic perm machine - uses ceramic coated perm rods to distribute gentle infrared heat
• Rotary perm machine includes a rotating arm to quickly wrap hair onto multiple rods

Benefits of Using a Perm Machine

Hair perm machines offer many benefits over doing perms manually with curling rods:

• More consistent results and evenly set curls
• Better control over perm processing variables like timing and temperature
• Ability to process multiple perm rod sections simultaneously
• Hands-free operation frees up stylist to multitask
• Reduced chemical fumes compared to test tube application method

Choosing the Best Hair Perm Machine

With many different perm machine models available, it helps to evaluate your options across a few key factors:

Processing Method

Consider if you require standard heat perm processing versus a gentler steam perm machine method. Ceramic and infrared heating options may be best for damaged hair.

Temperature Range

The machine should provide adequate temperature control for various perm styles and hair types. Settings around 105 to 140 degrees Celsius are typical.

Timer Capabilities

Digital timers that allow precise timing of the chemical processing stage help achieve perfect results.

Rod Size and Quantity

Machines with multiple removable rods in sizes like 0.8cm, 1.2cm or 2cm ensure perms can be tailored across short, medium or longer hair lengths.

Adjustability and Settings

Easy to adjust temperature, timer, and rotation direction settings allow the stylist to program the machine for customized perms.

Durability and Reliability

Commercial-grade perm machines made with quality materials will withstand repeated daily use in a busy hair salon for years.

Unique Features

Added features like rotation modes, digital displays, or built-in chemical reservoirs may provide extra functionality for some perm styles.

Warranty Protection

Multi-year warranties provide assurance of repairs or replacement parts if issues arise with the perm appliance.

How to Use a Hair Perm Machine

Once you obtain a suitable hair perm machine for your salon, follow these steps for operational best practices:

1. Prepare the Clients Hair

Shampoo hair and towel dry to remove oils or buildup that can interfere with perm solution penetration. Section hair cleanly and evenly to wrap onto rods.

2. Program the Machine Settings

Adjust the temperature control knob and digital timer to recommended specifications for desired perm result based on hair length and texture.

3. Wind Each Section of Hair Onto Rods

Use end papers if needed and roll hair neatly onto each rod, taking care not to overlap hair. Secure ends with clips.

4. Mist Perm Solution Over Each Rod

Use the perm machines spraying apparatus or mist by hand evenly from roots along length of hair on each rod.

5. Process Under Heat

Allow rods to process perm solution under controlled heat from machine for full time preset on the digital timer for best results.

6. Rinse, Neutralize and Condition

After timer sounds, unroll hair from rods and thoroughly rinse, apply neutralizer, rinse again, then condition as usual.

7. Set Finished Perm Style

After perm rods are removed, set curls as desired using blow dryer and round brush to finish look.

Hair Perm Machine Maintenance

Caring properly for your hair perm machine equipment ensures reliable performance and reduces need for repairs:

Daily Maintenance

• Wipe down machine with clean, dry towel after each use
• Remove any hair or chemical residue from device surfaces and vents
• Sanitize perm rods and clips
• Inspect key components like hoses, spray nozzles, clips etc

Routine Maintenance

• Check machine for unusual noises, smells or functionality issues
• descale spray nozzles if mineral deposits build up from water
• Use air duster on vents and fan motors biweekly
• Confirm all settings like temperatures and timers stay accurate

Follow the user maintenance schedule and troubleshooting tips provided in your hair perm machine instruction manual for best results.

Safety Tips

While very safe when operated properly, be sure to follow these precautions with your salon hair perm machine:

• Never operate equipment with wet hands or while standing in water
• Use a surge protector outlet to prevent electrical damage
• Dont begin a new perm if timer sounds, indicating cycle is done
• Always test heat settings on your wrist before applying to clients hair
• Closely supervise perms from start to finish
• Ensure adequate salon ventilation during perm processing

By selecting an advanced hair perm machine matched to your clients' needs and using sound operational practices, you can achieve consistently beautiful, customized perm and curl styles.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.