Guide to Common Backyard Spiders of Arkansas (With Photos)

An Introduction to Spiders Found in Arkansas

Arkansas is home to a fascinating diversity of spider species. From tiny jumping spiders to large orb weavers, spiders of all shapes and sizes can be found throughout the Natural State. While the majority of Arkansas spiders are harmless to humans, accurately identifying species is important for proper understanding and coexistence.

This article explores some of the most common spiders spotted in backyards, forests, and wilderness areas of Arkansas. High quality photos are provided to aid in species identification and appreciation for these amazing creatures.

Jumping Spiders

Jumping spiders are compact, hairy spiders known for their ability to leap great distances. Over 500 species of jumping spiders have been documented in North America. In Arkansas, these spiders are most active during the daytime hours of spring and summer.

Bold Jumper

The bold jumper (Phidippus audax) is one of the most commonly seen jumping spiders in Arkansas. As their name suggests, they are bold and curious, often approaching human observers rather than fleeing. They have a distinct black and white striped pattern on their faces and grow over half an inch long.

Bronze Jumper

The bronze jumper (Eris militaris) can be identified by its iridescent copper coloring coupled with metallic chevron markings. These energetic jumping spiders are found in forests and backyards statewide.

Orb Weavers

Orb weavers spin large, intricate webs characterized by wheel-like concentric circles decorated with spider silk spokes and frames. Hundreds of orb weaver species exist, showing great variety in colors and patterns.

Banded Garden Spider

The banded garden spider (Argiope trifasciata) constructs distinctive zig-zag patterns within its web. Females can grow over one inch long, with silver and black striped legs and orange-brown and silver oval abdomens.

Carolina Wolf Spider

Despite their name, Carolina wolf spiders (Tigrosa helluo) do not spin orb style webs. Instead, they roam leaf litter hunting prey they spot with their sharp eyesight. Carolina wolf spiders have thick brown and grey furry bodies measuring around one inch.

Funnel Weavers

Funnel weaving spiders create funnel or tubular-shaped retreats amid their tangled three-dimensional webs. Over 40 funnel weaver species call Arkansas home.

Grass Spiders

Grass spiders (Agelenopsis species) are exceptionally common funnel web builders found in every county. Multiple grass spider species exist, but all have brown and grey striped bodies blending in with the pine needles and debris surrounding their funnel webs.

Hobo Spider

Potentially mistaken for funnel weaving grass spiders, the hobo spider (Eratigena agrestis) is a European species first detected in Arkansas around the 1980s. They have a distinct herringbone pattern on their abdomens. Bites are rare, but can be medically significant in some cases.

Identifying Spiders in Arkansas

Properly identifying spiders ensures understanding of species which are potentially dangerous versus harmless to humans. If bitten, correct identification also assists medical professionals in delivering suitable treatment if symptoms develop.

Web Types and Habitats

Examining web construction and preferred habitat is an important first step toward spider species identification. Orb weavers spins intricate circular webs, funnel weavers create tubular retreats, cobweb weavers prefer messy irregular webs, and some spiders like jumping spiders do not spin webs at all.

Physical Features

Observing body size, colors, markings, leg length, eye patterns and number of eyes aids identification. Features such as fuzzy hair versus smooth exoskeletons help distinguish wolf spiders from ground spiders for example. Small field microscopes also reveal more detail.

Resources

Reputable online databases with photos such as SpiderID and expertise from Arkansas universities and extension services assist correct spider species classification. Apps such as iNaturalist let you upload photos for identification confirmations from experts.

Spider Safety in Arkansas

The vast majority of Arkansas spider species pose no danger to humans. Of the over 3000 types of spiders found in the United States, only around 12 have venom capable of inflicting medically significant bites. Furthermore spider bites are relatively uncommon, with insufficient data in Arkansas specifically.

Avoiding Bites

Practicing good hygiene and housekeeping substantially reduces likelihood of bites from spiders, along with other insects and arthropods. Simple steps like cleaning clutter, removing woodpiles adjacent to homes, wearing gloves when gardening amid overgrown vegetation, and shaking out shoes left outdoors stops spider encounters.

Acting Responsibly

Spider webs outside should be respected and admired. Although large orb weavers may seem intimidating, these docile spiders only bite humans when severely threatened. Their environmental benefits controlling mosquitoes and other nuisance insects outweighs relocation except in unusual cases.

Seeking Treatment

If bitten by any spider in Arkansas, clean the bite area with soap and water. Apply antibiotic cream, then monitor for signs of infection. Most symptoms can be managed at home, but seek medical care if severe pain, swelling or other concerning reactions develop.

Learning to safely coexist and appreciate the diversity of spiders found throughout Arkansas backyards, parks and wilderness areas will ensure continued enjoyment of the state's natural beauty and environmental health.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.