Understanding Fibromyalgia and Associated Armpit Pain
Fibromyalgia is a complex chronic pain syndrome that causes widespread muscle aches, joint stiffness, fatigue and sleep issues. Many people with fibromyalgia also experience tenderness or pain in specific tender points throughout the body. Armpit or axillary pain is one such common tender spot that can be highly problematic for fibromyalgia patients.
Characteristics of Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia is not an arthritis or joint disease. It is classified as a central sensitivity syndrome where the brain and nervous system become hypersensitive to pain signals. Researchers believe factors like genetics, stress, infection or trauma can trigger fibromyalgia.
In addition to pain, other fibromyalgia symptoms include:
- Chronic fatigue
- Sleep disturbances
- Memory problems
- Mood disorders like anxiety and depression
- Headaches and migraines
- Numbness/tingling sensations
- Irritable bowel syndrome
Symptoms often flare up during periods of stress or overexertion. Fibromyalgia pain tends to worsen over time if not properly managed.
Diagnostic Process
There are no confirmatory lab tests for fibromyalgia. Diagnosis is clinical and based on symptom history and physical examination. Doctors assess for tender points at 18 specific sites on the body.
Widespread pain and tenderness for over 3 months along with other symptoms like fatigue establishes the diagnosis. Imaging and blood tests help rule out other conditions like arthritis, lupus, thyroid disorders, etc.
Understanding Armpit Pain in Fibromyalgia
Many people with fibromyalgia experience moderate to severe tenderness in the arm pit or axilla region. This occurs because the underarm area contains several pain sensitive soft tissues that get aggravated in this condition.
Causes of Armpit Pain
Armpit discomfort in fibromyalgia can arise from:
- Myofascial tender points - Trigger points in the pectoral muscles or intercostal muscles between the ribs radiate pain.
- Lymph nodes - There are numerous lymph nodes clustered in armpits which are sensitive.
- Axillary nerve - Irritation of this major nerve running through the armpit region causes pain.
- Axillary artery/vein - Tenderness over these major blood vessels occurs.
- Hormonal changes - Menstrual cycles and menopause alter armpit sensitivity.
Aggravating Factors
Certain factors can worsen armpit pain and tenderness in fibromyalgia patients:
- Sleeping on your side with arm overhead
- Exercise involving repetitive arm motion
- Wearing tight bras or snug t-shirts
- Shaving armpits
- Using irritating deodorants or antiperspirants
- Injuries or trauma to the armpit
- Infections like cellulitis
- Allergies to clothing fabrics or laundry detergent
Symptoms
Armpit pain in fibromyalgia may feel like:
- Aching, tenderness or soreness
- Twinging pains
- Burning sensation
- Shooting, stabbing pains
- Prickling or tingling
- Sensation of swelling in the armpit lymph nodes
Pain and stiffness may radiate down from the armpit into the chest, arms, shoulders or upper back. Symptoms are often more bothersome at night or when arms are lifted overhead.
Management of Armpit Pain in Fibromyalgia
While there is no cure for fibromyalgia, armpit pain can be managed with a combination of medications, lifestyle measures, alternative therapies and targeted stretches and exercises. Seeing a physical therapist specially trained in fibromyalgia treatment is very helpful.
Medications
Prescription medications that may provide relief include:
- Pain relievers like tramadol or duloxetine
- Antidepressants like amitriptyline
- Anti-seizure drugs like gabapentin
- Muscle relaxants like cyclobenzaprine
- Over-the-counter analgesics like acetaminophen, naproxen or ibuprofen
Topical creams containing menthol, capsaicin or lidocaine can be applied to tender armpit areas for pain relief.
Lifestyle Measures
- Use gentle deodorants and avoid antiperspirants
- Wear loose, soft, breathable clothing and sleep without a bra
- Apply cold or heat packs to help soothe armpit discomfort
- Practice relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation, etc.
- Get adequate restful sleep and maintain a healthy diet and active lifestyle
Alternative Therapies
Options like massage, acupuncture, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) can complement medical treatment to reduce widespread fibromyalgia pain including in the armpits.
Targeted Exercises
Doing gentle range-of-motion exercises for the shoulder girdle along with stretches that open the chest can help relieve armpit tightness and pain. A physical therapist can recommend appropriate exercises tailored to each patients needs and limitations.
When to See a Doctor
Consult your healthcare provider if armpit pain:
- Is severe, constant or worsens over time
- Impairs your daily activities
- Occurs along with swelling, redness, warmth or fever (signs of infection)
- Happens without a history of fibromyalgia
Screening for breast cancer should also be conducted by your doctor as needed to rule out this possibility.
Conclusion
Armpit tenderness or pain is quite common in fibromyalgia owing to the presence of numerous sensitive soft tissue structures in this region. A combination approach of pain medications and non-drug therapies tailored to the individual generally provides the best results. While not life-threatening, addressing axillary pain can greatly improve comfort and quality of life for those with fibromyalgia.
FAQs
What causes armpit pain in fibromyalgia?
Trigger points in muscles, lymph nodes, nerves, blood vessels and other soft tissues in the axilla region are extremely sensitive to pressure in fibromyalgia. Pain signals from these areas get amplified.
Where exactly is the armpit pain located?
Patients typically experience aching, tenderness or twinging pains in the underarm area near the armpit crease. Pain may also radiate down the inner arm or up into the shoulders.
How is armpit pain treated in fibromyalgia?
Medications, applying heat/cold packs, gentle exercises, massage, stress reduction techniques, and wearing loose clothing can help manage axillary pain. Targeted physical therapy provides the most benefit.
How can I prevent armpit pain flare-ups?
Avoid sleeping with your arm overhead, repetitive overhead motions, carrying heavy bags on your shoulder, shaving, antiperspirants, tight clothing, trauma, and infections to prevent aggravating armpit pain.
When should I see a doctor for armpit pain?
Consult your physician promptly if pain is severe, constant, worsening, affects daily activities, or occurs without a prior fibromyalgia diagnosis. This helps rule out other possible causes needing treatment.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.
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