The Complete Guide to Caring for Pet Turtles

An In-Depth Guide to Caring for Pet Turtles

Turtles can make great pets for children and adults since they are generally low maintenance and have unique personalities. However, there are some important factors to consider before bringing home one of these shelled creatures.

Popular Types of Pet Turtles

Some of the most common types of turtles kept as pets include:

• Red-eared sliders - small semi-aquatic turtles native to the central U.S.
• Russian tortoises - a moderate sized terrestrial species
• Box turtles - colorful terrestrial turtles native to North America
• Painted turtles - attractive aquatic turtles ideal for beginners
• Musk turtles - small aquatic turtles that stay small in captivity

Turtle Tank Setup and Equipment

Habitat requirements vary by species. Aquatic turtles need the following habitat setup:

• Aquarium or plastic tub, at least 10 gallons per inch of shell length
• Substrate like rocks or aquarium gravel
• Basking area with heat lamp for drying off completely
• UVB and heat lamps for warmth and vitamin D3
• Canister filter for water filtration
• Submersible water heater to maintain water temperature

Terrestrial turtles require the following habitat:

• Enclosure with screened lid, at least 6 square feet floor space
• Coconut fiber substrate to allow burrowing
• Heat lamp, UVB lamp, and ceramic heat emitter for warmth
• Hiding places like plants, rocks, logs
• Water bowl big enough for soaking

Feeding Pet Turtles

Feeding depends on the turtle's species and age. Some general feeding guidelines include:

• Aquatic turtles - pellets, fish, vegetables, some fruit
• Terrestrial turtles - dark leafy greens, vegetables, some fruit
• Juveniles - feed daily
• Adults - every other day, as much as they can eat in 10-15 minutes
• Calcium supplement 1-2 times per week
• Vitamin supplement once a week

Turtle Health and Handling

To keep your turtle healthy:

• Maintain proper temperatures and clean habitat
• Annual wellness checkups with an exotic vet
• Trim overgrown beak and nails as needed
• Look for signs of illness like lethargy and appetite loss

When handling your turtle:

• Never grab by the tail when picking up
• Support both front and back when holding
• Keep handling brief to avoid stress
• Wash hands before and after contact

Considerations for Children and Turtles

Turtles generally make good pets for children but there are some precautions to take:

• Always supervise young children with the turtle
• Teach proper handling techniques
• Don't allow children to kiss or snuggle the turtle
• Have children wash hands after contact, especially before eating
• Make sure children don't drop or toss the turtle
• Demonstrate proper care and feeding

Preparing for Your Pet Turtle

Bringing home a pet turtle requires plenty of preparation. Here is what you need to get ready:

1. Choose the Right Species

Consider factors like:

• Adult size - larger species require more space
• Life span - small turtles like musk turtles live 15-20 years
• Care difficulty - aquatic and semi-aquatic turtles require more work than terrestrial
• Handling temperament - turtle personality varies by species
• Cost - ranges from $20-$100 depending on type, age, and seller

2. Set Up the Enclosure

Allow 1-2 weeks to set up the habitat before bringing the turtle home. Be sure to:

• Assemble and leak test the habitat if using an aquarium
• Install heat, UVB, and filtration/circulation systems
• Monitor temperatures and make adjustments
• Add substrate, plants, hiding spots, water bowl

3. Purchase Supplies

Stock up on habitat supplies like:

• Extra heat and light bulbs
• Thermometers and hygrometers
• Cleaning tools - nets, siphons, scrub brushes
• Water treatments and turtle safe disinfectants
• Hand feeding tongs

Also have first aid supplies on hand like antiseptic and calcium supplements.

4. Find an Exotic Vet

Locate a qualified reptile vet in your area before bringing your turtle home. Schedule a new turtle exam within the first week.

5. Turtle-Proof Your Home

Turtles are skilled climbers and love to explore. Make sure to:

• Keep bathroom and closet doors closed
• Block access behind and under appliances
• Keep small objects and toxic plants out of reach
• Keep dogs and cats away from the turtle

Caring for Your Pet Turtle

Once your turtle is settled into its new home, stay diligent with these care guidelines:

Daily Care

• Feed a nutritious diet every day (juveniles) or every other day (adults)
• Maintain proper basking/daytime temperatures
• Change or filter water frequently
• Spot clean messes immediately
• Spend quality time interacting with your turtle

Weekly Care

• Check water parameters like pH, ammonia, nitrites
• Clean tank walls, decor, and filtration system
• Replace substrate if needed
• Trim overgrown beak and claws if needed

Monthly Care

• Deep clean the entire habitat
• Replace UVB and other bulbs every 6 months
• Weigh turtle and monitor growth/appetite
• Check for signs of illness and unusual behavior

Create a routine and stay consistent with care. Observe your turtle's health and behavior closely every day.

Common Health Issues in Pet Turtles

Being aware of potential health problems can help you address them promptly. Watch for these common illnesses and injuries:

Shell Problems

• Shell rot - bacterial or fungal infection
• Pyramiding - raised scutes caused by poor nutrition
• Cracks or holes from trauma

Skin Issues

FAQs

What is the best pet turtle for a beginner?

Good starter turtles include red-eared sliders, painted turtles, and Russian tortoises since they are hardy, affordable, and have relatively simple care requirements.

How much space does a pet turtle need?

Aquatic turtles need at least 10 gallons of water per inch of shell length. Terrestrial turtles need a minimum of 6 square feet of floor space.

What do pet turtles eat?

Aquatic turtles eat pellets, fish, vegetables, and some fruit. Terrestrial turtles eat vegetables, greens, and some fruits. Calcium supplements are also important.

How often should I clean my turtle's habitat?

Daily spot cleaning and partial water changes are needed. The entire habitat should be fully cleaned at least monthly.

Can turtles make good pets for kids?

Yes, but adult supervision is mandatory. Proper handling and hygiene practices should be taught. Very young children may not be responsible enough for primary turtle care.