Understanding Red Toenails on Darker Skin Tones

Understanding Red Toenails on Dark Skin

Having red toenails can be alarming, especially on dark skin where the vivid color stands out dramatically. But while red toenails may be caused by various medical conditions, they are not necessarily a cause for concern.

Common Causes of Red Toenails on Dark Skin Tones

There are several potential explanations for reddish toenail discoloration on darker skin:

• Bruising underneath the nail
• Fungal infections
• Psoriasis
• Allergic reactions
• Yeast infections
• Diabetes
• Skin cancer (rare)

Bruising Underneath the Nail

One of the most common and harmless causes of red toenails on dark skin is simple bruising or blood collecting underneath the nail, also known as subungual hematoma. This can occur from injuries or repetitive pressure on the toes and nails.

The trapped blood turns the nail red or black and blue temporarily as the bruise clears, which happens as new healthy nail grows out. Keeping the toe comfortable and avoiding further pressure can help the bruise grow out within a few months.

Fungal Infections of the Nail

Toenail fungus, known medically as onychomycosis, is another very common problem leading to red or other discolored nails, especially in the toenails. Fungal nail infections account for about half of nail disorders and affect up to 12% of the population.

Fungal infections turn nails yellow, brown, black, thickened or ragged first before advancing to cause red toenails in some severe or untreated cases. On dark skin, the red color can be very noticeable compared to lighter skin tones.

Treating Fungal Nail Infections

Mild fungal nail infections can sometimes clear on their own, but medications are often needed to cure persistent or spreading infections, such as:

• Oral antifungals
• Topical ointments and nail polishes
• Laser therapy
• Surgical nail removal (rarely needed)

Can Toenail Polish Cause Red Toenails?

Surprisingly, yes - wearing dark shades of nail polish can actually stain the nails red over time. This is more likely to happen with inexpensive polish brands with low quality pigments. Choosing higher quality polish and giving nails a break between manicures allows them to recover.

Other Causes of Red Toe Nails

Psoriasis

Skin conditions like psoriasis or eczema that cause rapid skin cell turnover can also affect the toenails. The buildup of skin cells under the nail causes it to become red along with pitting, grooves or other deformities.

Topical medications can help treat psoriasis affecting the nails. More severe cases may also need light therapy, oral medications or injections to reduce inflammation.

Allergic Reactions

Contact allergies to things like latex gloves, topical antibiotic ointments and chemicals found in socks or shoes can provoke red, itchy rashes on the toes and feet. The inflammation can cause the toenails to become red and painful temporarily.

Avoiding the allergen source helps resolve allergic nail reactions quickly. Topical corticosteroids and oral antihistamines can also reduce sensitivity, redness and swelling.

Yeast Infections

While less common than fungal infections, yeasts can also invade and infect the toenails in some people. Candidal infections of the nail are more likely in people with diabetes, other nail diseases or impaired immune function.

Red, painful toenails that may smell foul are typical with yeast infections. Topical or oral antifungal medications tailored for treating yeast are needed for improvement.

Diabetes

Poor circulation and nerve supply associated with diabetes can make the toenails more vulnerable to trauma and infection. Red, sensitive toenails may signal an underlying issue like undetected diabetes, especially when paired with other symptoms like excess thirst, frequent urination or blurry vision.

Diagnostic testing includes checking blood glucose and hemoglobin A1C levels. Keeping blood sugar under control can prevent and stabilize red diabetic toenails.

Skin Cancer of the Toenail

Although very rare, melanoma skin cancer located under the toenail can cause color changes like red/brown/black streaks or patches. Additional cancers like squamous cell carcinoma are also rarely found in the nail bed.

Any lasting toenail discoloration, especially when paired with nail loosening, thickening or bleeding warrants immediate medical examination. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical for the best outcomes.

When to Seek Care for Red Toenails

Schedule an appointment with your doctor or dermatologist if you notice any of the following:

• Toenail redness paired with pain, swelling or pus
• Changes lasting longer than 6 weeks
• Rapid worsening of nail color or texture
• Suspicious-looking streaks or stains under nail

Professional evaluation can determine if infection, trauma, or something more serious like melanoma is the culprit behind red toenail changes. Most causes can be successfully managed with proper treatment.

Caring for Red Painful Toenails at Home

While waiting for your appointment, caring properly for sore red toenails can provide some relief:

• Soak toes in warm water
• Apply petroleum jelly
• Gently file down thick nails
• Wear roomy socks and shoes
• Take over-the-counter pain relievers

Seeing noticeable improvement with home care within a week or two is a good sign. Stubborn red toenail discoloration warrants medical diagnosis and treatment to prevent any complications or permanent damage.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.