The Importance of Fire Retardant Mattress Covers for Home Safety

The Importance of Fire Retardant Mattress Covers

Having a fire retardant mattress cover is an important safety measure for any home. Traditional mattresses are made from materials like polyurethane foam and cotton batting - both of which are highly flammable. Without fire retardant barriers, mattresses can go up in flames rapidly and release toxic fumes. Fire retardant mattress covers are designed to resist ignition, slow the spread of fire, and provide precious extra minutes for you and your family to escape.

How Fire Retardant Mattress Covers Work

Fire retardant mattress covers are made from inherently fire-resistant materials or are treated with chemical flame retardants. Common materials include:

• Rayon from bamboo - Naturally more flame resistant than cotton or polyester.
• Kevlar - The same material used in bulletproof vests.
• Silica rayon - Made from cellulose blended with silica to reduce flammability.
• Chemically treated cotton - Cotton infused with chemical flame retardants.

These materials are layered and quilted to create a protective barrier around the mattress core. When exposed to an open flame or heat source, fire retardant mattress covers are designed to:

• Resist ignition and slow fire growth.
• Self-extinguish if ignited.
• Produce less smoke than traditional mattress materials.
• Prevent mattress contents from becoming involved in fire.

This protective layer of fire resistance provides life-saving time for building occupants to wake up and escape.

Fire Safety Standards for Mattresses

In the United States, all mattresses sold since 2007 have been required to meet fire safety standards mandated by a federal law called the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act. Commonly called the Mattress Flammability Standard, it requires that mattresses and mattress pads withstand a certain intensity of open flame, like a candle or cigarette lighter, without bursting into flames. To meet these requirements, mattress manufacturers typically utilize fire retardant barriers and components.

Do I Need a Fire Retardant Mattress Cover?

If you purchased your mattress after 2007, it likely already contains fire retardant components. However, adding a fire retardant mattress cover is still recommended for several reasons:

• Older mattresses - Mattresses purchased before the 2007 law may not meet current flammability standards. Upgrading with a fire retardant cover can help bring an older mattress up to modern safety levels.
• Increased protection - A dedicated fire barrier provides redundancy if the internal fire barriers fail. This is especially important for mattresses used by smokers or in homes with additional fire risks.
• Protects mattress investment - Liquid spills, body oils, and other stains can penetrate the mattress surface over time. A fire retardant cover protects the inner mattress and extends its usable life.

For these reasons, fire professionals almost universally recommend using a fire retardant mattress cover in addition to the internal fire barriers.

Selecting a Fire Retardant Mattress Cover

When selecting a fire retardant mattress cover, there are several key factors to consider:

1. Material

As discussed earlier, different materials provide different levels and types of fire resistance:

• Rayon from bamboo offers good fire resistance and breathability. It has a soft hand-feel.
• Kevlar excels at fire resistance but is pricey. It may produce noise when you move.
• Silica rayon balances cost and fire resistance but may retain more heat.
• Treated cotton is affordable but relies on chemical additives for fire resistance.

Consider your budget, desired feel, and importance of natural materials when choosing materials. Kevlar and silica rayon often rank highest for fire resistance capabilities.

2. Independent Testing

Look for evidence that the fire retardant mattress cover has been tested to meet flammability standards. The cover should be certified to pass testing protocols such as NFPA 701, Cal TB129, or 16 CFR Parts 1632 and 1633. Reputable third-party labs like UL or Intertek can provide unbiased validation of fire resistance.

3. Design & Fit

Fire retardant mattress covers come in all standard mattress sizes and depths. Make sure to select the appropriate dimensions for a secure fit. Covers with skirts, straps, or zipper enclosures help keep the cover securely in position on the mattress.

4. Waterproofness

Some fire retardant mattress covers also act as waterproof protectors. This dual-purpose design guards against liquid spills and accidental incontinence while also providing fire protection. If you want a waterproof surface, look for covers made with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) backing or other waterproof materials.

5. Odor Resistance

Covers made with inherently fire-resistant materials like rayon from bamboo tend to resist odors better. Covers treated with chemical flame retardants can sometimes retain odors. Look for options with antimicrobial properties or odor neutralizing technologies if odor control is a priority.

6. Cost

Expect to spend $50 to $300+ for a fire retardant mattress cover depending on the materials, certifications, and features. Kevlar and smart fabric covers fall on the higher end while basic cotton covers are most affordable. Evaluate cost compared to expected lifespan to find the best value.

Using a Fire Retardant Mattress Cover

Installation Tips

To get the most protection from a fire retardant mattress cover, proper installation is key. Here are some best practices:

• Follow the manufacturer's instructions for installing the mattress cover on your specific mattress.
• Make sure the cover fits snugly with no gaps or loose areas.
• Take care not to tear the cover when putting it on the mattress.
• Regularly recheck the cover to ensure it remains tightly positioned on all sides.
• Avoid using sheets or toppers that could compromise the protective cover.

Cleaning Instructions

Like standard mattress covers, fire retardant versions need periodic cleaning. Check the label for proper care guidelines. Key tips include:

• Spot clean stains as needed with an upholstery cleaner.
• Machine wash removable covers in cold water on a gentle cycle. Line dry.
• Vacuum the cover instead of beating it to remove dust and debris.
• Disinfect as needed with an EPA-approved, fabric-safe product.
• Avoid soaking the cover or using harsh cleaners that could impact fire resistance.

When to Replace

Even with good care, fire retardant mattress covers wear out over time. Plan on replacing covers every 5-10 years or when you notice:

• Visible deterioration like holes, tearing seams, or rips
• Thin spots where the material has worn thin
• Discoloration or charring indicating heat damage
• Crunchy texture signaling the fire retardant chemicals breaking down

Replacement ensures your mattress continues to have maximum fire protection.

Fire Safety Precautions for Mattresses

While fire retardant mattress covers enhance safety, other precautions are still important to lower home fire risks. Recommendations include:

• Avoid smoking in bed and keep lighters/matches away from the bed.
• Inspect electrical items near the bed and do not overload outlets.
• Keep the area around the bed clutter-free.
• Set up smoking and candle safety zones outside the bedroom.
• Talk to smokers about smoking outside and proper cigarette disposal.
• Install smoke alarms inside and outside of sleeping areas.
• Create and practice an escape plan so everyone knows how to exit quickly if a fire occurs.

Layering these precautions alongside fire retardant bedding provides well-rounded fire defense for your home.

The Bottom Line

Fire retardant mattress covers play an important role in home fire safety. Investing in one ensures your mattress meets modern fire standards and provides an extra layer of protection between fire and your family. Just be sure to get a properly fitting cover made of inherently fire-resistant or treated materials. With sensible fire safety habits, a fire retardant cover can give you peace of mind knowing your mattress won't go up in flames.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.