Recognizing Potentially Dangerous Moles
Moles, medically known as nevi, are common skin growths that are usually harmless. However, some moles may develop into melanoma, which is the deadliest form of skin cancer. That's why it's important to monitor existing moles and be aware of new ones that appear.
What Exactly Is a Mole?
A mole is cluster of pigmented cells known as melanocytes. Moles range in size, shape, and color. Many people have between 10 to 40 moles. The vast majority pose no health risk, but abnormalities in existing moles or new atypical moles may indicate melanoma.
Types of At-Risk Moles
There are a few types of moles that warrant closer inspection:
- Atypical/Dysplastic Nevi: Larger moles with irregular borders and coloring.
- Congenital Nevi: Moles present at birth, especially large ones.
- Acquired Nevi: New moles that appear later, after age 50.
While not cancerous, these moles have a higher chance of becoming melanoma over time. That's why keeping track of changes is critical.
Signs Your Mole May Be Dangerous
Look for the ABCDE signs when monitoring moles. See your dermatologist promptly if you notice any of the following in an existing or new mole:
A - Asymmetry
One half of the mole looks different than the other half. Melanoma spots are often irregularly shaped.
B - Border
The mole has uneven, blurred, notched, or ragged edges. Melanoma moles tend to have unusual borders.
C - Color
The mole has a variety of colors - shades of brown, black, red, blue, white, etc. This color variation may be a warning sign.
D - Diameter
The mole is larger than 6mm across (about the size of a pencil eraser), although melanoma can develop on smaller moles too.
E - Evolving
The mole's shape, size, color or sensation changes over time. Any alteration may mark a developing melanoma.
Other Suspicious Changes
In addition to the ABCDE signs, be vigilant about these types of changes in a mole:
- Itching, bleeding, or tingling sensation in an existing mole.
- A sore that doesn't heal, or a new black or red lump.
- Moles in hidden places changing shape or color.
- Reappearance of an old mole after it was surgically removed.
Who Is At High Risk?
You may be more prone to developing melanoma if you:
- Have fair skin, light hair/eye color, freckles easily.
- Work outdoors or have frequent sun exposure.
- Use tanning beds or have a history of sunburns.
- Have many atypical moles or large congenital nevi.
- Have a family history of melanoma skin cancer.
- Have a weakened immune system due to disease or medication.
- Had melanoma or another skin cancer previously.
When to Schedule an Exam
Consult your dermatologist promptly if you notice any bothersome skin changes. Early detection gives melanoma the best treatment outlook. Typically a dermatologist will:
- Visually inspect skin moles and use a dermatoscope to examine them further.
- Determine if a biopsy is needed to test for cancer cells.
- Discuss treatment plan based on biopsy results.
Prevention Tips
While some moles will always be benign, be vigilant with skin checks to ensure a mole does not transform into melanoma. Dermatologists also advise:
- Applying sunscreen daily and wearing protective clothing outside.
- Avoiding tanning beds and sunburns.
- Doing regular self-exams using a full-length mirror.
- Seeing a dermatologist annually for a skin cancer screening.
Being aware of new or changing moles on your skin enables early intervention against this serious form of skin cancer.
FAQs
What does a normal mole look like?
A normal mole is usually round or oval, with a smooth border. It may be pink, tan, brown or flesh-toned with a uniform color. Most adults have 10-40 normal moles.
What are the ABCDE criteria for moles?
ABCDE stands for asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, large diameter, and evolution. These are signs dermatologists look for when assessing if a mole may be cancerous.
How can you tell if a mole is cancerous?
Signs like asymmetry, irregular borders, multiple colors, rapid increase in size, and symptoms like itching or bleeding may indicate a mole is becoming melanoma skin cancer. Have your dermatologist examine any suspicious moles.
When should you visit a dermatologist?
See a dermatologist promptly if you notice any changes in the size, shape or color of moles. You should also have an annual skin check if you are at high risk for melanoma due to family history, many atypical moles, or past skin cancer.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.
Add Comment