Physical Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis: Exercises and Tips for Better Mobility

The Importance of Physical Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. It causes damage to the myelin sheath that protects nerve fibers, leading to communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body. This results in various physical and cognitive symptoms that can significantly impact a person's quality of life.

Some common MS symptoms related to mobility include muscle weakness, spasticity, balance and coordination problems, fatigue, and numbness or tingling. These issues often make it difficult for people with MS to walk, stand, or move normally. Physical therapy is therefore an essential part of managing MS and maintaining function and independence.

How Can Physical Therapy Help With MS Symptoms?

A physical therapist who specializes in MS can provide personalized treatment plans to help manage symptoms. Some of the key benefits include:

• Improving strength, flexibility, balance, and endurance through various exercises.
• Learning how to properly use mobility aids like canes or walkers.
• Reducing pain and spasticity through stretches, massage, or other hands-on techniques.
• Practicing strategies to improve balance and prevent falls.
• Learning energy conservation techniques to combat fatigue.
• Regaining mobility through gait training and other methods.
• Recommending appropriate orthotics or braces if needed.
• Educating patients on safe movement strategies for daily activities.

With regular physical therapy, people with MS can rebuild strength and function. This allows them to remain active and independent so they can continue participating in work, social events, and hobbies they enjoy.

When Should I Start Physical Therapy for MS?

It's generally recommended to start physical therapy as soon as possible after an MS diagnosis. Early intervention can help minimize the effects of the disease before symptoms worsen or new issues arise.

Your neurologist or primary doctor can give you a referral to see a physical therapist. It's best to find one who specializes in multiple sclerosis, as they will be most knowledgeable about how to treat the condition.

Some signs that you may benefit from starting physical therapy include:

• Having difficulty walking or balancing.
• Experiencing falls or injuries due to muscle weakness.
• Feeling stiff, spastic, or unable to move joints through their full range of motion.
• Noticing decreased endurance with daily activities.
• Struggling with steps, long distances, or uneven terrain when walking.
• Needing to use support from a cane, crutches, scooter, or wheelchair for mobility.

Even if your symptoms are mild, beginning PT provides the chance to slow further progression and prevent disability. It can establish a baseline to monitor changes over time as well.

What Exercises Are Used in Physical Therapy for MS?

Physical therapists develop customized treatment plans based on each patient's unique symptoms and challenges. But in general, some of the most common exercises used for MS include:

• Strength Training: Lifting weights, resistance bands, or bodyweight exercises to improve muscle strength in weakened areas.
• Balance Exercises: Standing on one leg, walking heel-to-toe, balancing on a stability ball, and other drills to improve stability.
• Flexibility and Range of Motion: Stretches and range of motion exercises to reduce stiffness and spasticity.
• Gait Training: Practicing walking on level and uneven surfaces, navigating obstacles, proper use of assistive devices, and other walking drills.
• Aerobic Fitness: Low to moderate cardio exercises like cycling, swimming, orgentle treadmill walking to build endurance.
• Motor Control: Coordination drills, balance activities, and gentle agility training.

Additional techniques like soft tissue mobilization, electrical stimulation, aquatic therapy, and others may also be incorporated. Each session will include a thorough warm-up and cool-down as well.

How Often Should You Do Physical Therapy for MS?

Most physical therapists recommend attending therapy sessions 1-3 times per week, depending on each patient's abilities and treatment plan. Consistency is key - frequent physical therapy leads to better long-term outcomes for people with MS.

Sessions early on usually last 30-60 minutes each. Over time, your PT may adjust the frequency and length as your condition improves. Maintaining mobility will require some form of regular sessions even after completing an initial treatment plan.

Many patients transition to group MS therapy classes after finishing one-on-one physical therapy. This provides ongoing exercise, social support, and education in managing symptoms.

At Home Exercises for Multiple Sclerosis

In addition to in-clinic therapy, physical therapists prescribe exercises to practice at home between visits. This helps strengthen what you're working on during sessions so you can make continual progress.

Home exercise handouts usually include:

• Pictures of each exercise
• Written instructions on sets, reps, frequency, etc.
• Tips on safe technique

Some examples of common at home exercises for MS patients include:

• Seated leg lifts
• Mini squats
• Wall pushups
• Assisted chair stands
• Calf and hamstring stretches
• Balance drills near a table or countertop

Even 10-15 minutes per day of home exercise can deliver results. Your therapist may also recommend assistive devices like resistance bands, mini stairs, or balance boards to help target your problem areas.

How to Find Physical Therapy Clinics Near Me

Searching for "physical therapy for multiple sclerosis near me" is a great place to start your hunt for a convenient provider. Here are a few other tips as you research options in your area:

• Check with Your Doctor: Ask your neurologist or primary care physician to recommend physical therapists who specialize in MS.
• Search Online Listings: Resources like Google Maps, Yelp, or your insurance provider's website can locate nearby clinics.
• Look for MS Certification: Search for therapists who hold credentials like Certified MS Exercise Professional (CSEP).
• Contact Local MS Groups: Chapters of the National MS Society often have lists of vetted therapists.
• Consider Large Healthcare Systems: Major medical centers and universities often employ PTs with experience treating MS.

Narrow your choices down to 2-3 offices that look reputable. Then call to speak with a staff member about their experience with MS patients. Many clinics offer free consultations as well.

Physical Therapy for MS: Takeaways

Living with multiple sclerosis can present many physical challenges that make mobility difficult. Starting physical therapy provides specialized exercises, gait training, and other techniques to help you stay active and independent.

Look for a PT who understands MS early after diagnosis for best results. Consistent therapy 1-3 times per week can build strength, improve balance and coordination, reduce spasticity, and overall enhance your quality of life.

With a customized treatment plan, commitment to both clinic and home exercise, and periodic follow-up care, physical therapy gives you the tools to successfully manage MS symptoms. Don't hesitate to reach out to providers near you for help taking steps towards better walking and mobility.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.