What is Azelaic Acid?
Azelaic acid (AzA) is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid that is produced by a yeast that lives on normal skin. It is effective for treating several skin conditions and improving various signs of skin aging and damage. Some key facts about AzA:
It Has Antibacterial & Antifungal Properties
AzA has the ability to kill acne-causing bacteria on the skin, making it effective for treating acne breakouts. It also has antifungal effects against malassezia, a fungus that contributes to fungal acne.
It Reduces Inflammation
In addition to killing bacteria, AzA helps calm inflammation and redness associated with acne and rosacea. This makes it helpful for reducing pimples and facial flushing.
It Inhibits Pigment Production
By inhibiting tyrosinase, AzA can lighten areas of post-acne marks, melasma, and uneven pigmentation. It helps block new melanin synthesis and pigment formation.
The Skin Conditions Azelaic Acid Treats
AzA has proven benefits for treating several inflammatory skin conditions. It's available by prescription or over-the-counter in certain strengths to treat:
Mild-Moderate Acne
By killing acne bacteria and reducing related skin inflammation, AzA helps clear up mild to moderate acne outbreaks. It's not as strong for severe acne.
Rosacea
AzA is exceptionally effective for rosacea since it reduces facial redness, inflammation and pimples caused by the condition. Studies demonstrate its efficacy for rosacea.
Pigmentation Disorders
From melasma to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, AzA inhibits excess melanin production that causes brown skin discoloration issues. With continued use, it lightens pigmented areas.
Proper Azelaic Acid Usage Instructions
Using AzA properly is key to achieving optimal anti-acne, anti-pigment and anti-inflammatory benefits for your skin. Follow these usage tips:
Use Twice Daily
Apply AzA to clean dry skin twice per day - such as morning and evening. Consistent twice daily usage yields better results than sporadic applications.
Start Slowly
When first using AzA, start by applying it once every other day or a few times a week and slowly increase frequency to avoid irritation. Azelaic acid can cause redness/peeling at first.
Use Solo Before Combining with Other Actives
Get your skin used to AzA before layering with other potentially irritating ingredients like retinoids, AHAs and benzoyl peroxide. Too many actives at once may cause sensitivity.
How to Layer Azelaic Acid with Your Other Skincare Products
You can safely layer AzA with many other ingredients as tolerated. Heres a typical layering order:
After Water Solutions
Apply AzA after water-based serums, essences and toners fully absorb into skin. Let your water-based products dry first.
Before Oils and Creams
Since AzA is silicone-based, it's optimal to apply oils, moisturizers and creams on top to seal it in. So apply AzA before heavier oils and lotions.
Use with Benzoyl Peroxide Safely
You can pair benzoyl peroxide and AzA safely by layering differently at night vs morning. Such as BP at night and AzA in daytime to avoid irritation from combining.
The Side Effects and Precautions When Using Azelaic Acid
While generally well-tolerated, AzA does have some potential side effects to keep in mind when incorporating it into your routine:
Redness & Peeling
Azeliac acid may cause facial flushing, irritation, peeling and increased sensitivity initially. This usually subsides after consistent use for 1-2 weeks as skin adjusts.
Allergic Reactions
In rare cases, contact dermatitis or hives may occur indicating an allergy. Discontinue use if severe redness, swelling or itching develops.
Pregnancy Safety Precautions
Orally administered AzA is considered pregnancy category B, but minimal data exists on topical safety. Most doctors recommend avoiding use if pregnant or breastfeeding unless advised by your OBGYN or doctor.
Overall, azelaic acid is supported by substantial research showing its ability to treat acne, rosacea, melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. When used properly, it can produce game-changing improvements in breakouts, redness and uneven skin tone for various skin types.
FAQs
What skin types can use azelaic acid?
Azelaic acid is generally safe for all skin types. However, those with sensitive skin may experience more redness and peeling when starting out. It's best for oily and acne-prone skin types.
Does azelaic acid help with acne scars?
Yes, azelaic acid helps fade post-acne marks and hyperpigmentation left behind from breakouts by inhibiting melanin production in skin cells.
Can I use azelaic acid while pregnant?
Topical use has minimal safety data for pregnancy. Most doctors recommend avoiding it during pregnancy and breastfeeding until more research confirms its safety.
Should I use azelaic acid in the morning or night?
You can use azelaic acid twice daily - ideally in both your morning and evening routines for best results. Using it consistently is key.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.
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