Engaging the Mind Through Games
Dementia can be a challenging condition, both for those diagnosed with it and their loved ones. As cognitive abilities decline, once beloved hobbies and activities can become difficult or frustrating. However, the right types of games presented in an encouraging environment can provide enjoyable stimulation and a sense of accomplishment.
Benefits of Games for Dementia Patients
Playing games has been shown in studies to have a number of benefits for seniors with dementia and Alzheimer's disease including:
- Exercising parts of the brain that control memory, problem solving, and attention
- Promoting social connection through playing with others
- Providing cognitive stimulation and sense of purpose
- Lifting mood and reducing agitation or anxiety
Games should be selected and structured appropriately for the individual's stage of dementia to set them up for success. Support from loved ones in a pressure-free environment is also important.
Choosing the Best Games for Dementia
So what features should you look for when selecting games to play with someone with Alzheimer's or another dementia? Consider games that:
- Tap into long-term memory rather than relying heavily on new learning
- Allow players to proceed at their own pace
- Provide multiple sensory inputs like visual, tactile, or auditory
- Incorporate familiar themes from the person's past
- Stimulate conversation about fond memories
- Are simple with straightforward rules
The most beneficial games require some cognitive effort but without excessive strain. Matching or sorting based games are ideal starting points. It's also helpful to choose activities the person found enjoyable prior to their diagnosis.
Best Game Types for Dementia
With an understanding of what makes an activity dementia-friendly, let's look at some specific game categories and options that can be suitable.
Memory & Reminiscence Games
Any game that encourages recalling details and events from one's past capitalizes on memories that are deeply ingrained. These prolonged positive memories are less impacted in early to mid-stage dementia. Reminiscence boosts mood and sparks rich conversation.
Examples:
- Looking at old family photo albums or home movies
- Listening to music popular when the person was young
- "Remember When" discussions of past life experiences
- Watching nostalgic TV shows or classic movies together
Simple Board & Card Games
Classic, straightforward games many seniors have enjoyed for decades can be a source of purposeful engagement. Focus is on the social experience more than complex strategy. Stick to familiar games initially before exploring more novelty.
Examples:
- Checkers or chess with amended rules
- Dominoes, rummy card games, simplified Mah Jongg
- Uno, Go Fish, simplified Bridge
- Bingo or simple Lotto
Manipulative & Motor Games
Activities involving touching or moving game pieces provide sensory stimulation and fulfillment. These tend to be less frustrating for those losing cognitive skills compared to games with many rules.
Examples:
- Large piece puzzles with themes of interest
- Basic building blocks or tile arranging
- Interactive coloring books or activity pads
- Lacing cards or sewing boards
- Ring toss, bean bag throwing, or bowling
Word Games
Reading, writing, and vocabulary remain strengths much longer than memory or attention span. Word play incorporates multiple senses and sparks reminiscence of school days.
Examples:
- Scrabble, Boggle, or Hangman
- Crossword puzzles or word searches
- Articulation exercises or rhyming games
- Trivia questions from different decades
- Silly Mad Lib fill-in-the-blank stories
Creative & Sensory Stimulation
Artistic expression and activities involving sight, sound, and touch give outlets for individuals to connect. Focus is on the process rather than the end result.
Examples:
- Dancing to favorite music
- Singing or karaoke
- Painting, coloring, working with clay
- Nature sound guessing or picture matching games
Tips for Success with Dementia Games
To ensure quality engagement and enjoyment, tailor the overall game experience to the person and properly prepare the playing environment.
Adjust Difficulty Level
Assess which parts of the game may be confusing or frustrating for the individual in their current state. Simplify rules and modify pacing or number of decisions. Allow ample time between turns.
Offer Encouragement
The attitude and assistance from those participating side-by-side impacts success. Validate effort, focus less on scores, and cheer accomplishments to uplift confidence.
Set the Mood
Create a relaxing atmosphere by playing at preferred times of day when the person is less fatigued. Eliminate distracting noises and arrange comfortable, familiar surroundings.
Watch for Signs to Stop
Learn cues when mental exertion becomes excessive, like irritation or withdrawal. Gently wrap up the game and transition smoothly to another preferred, less taxing activity.
Emphasize Enjoyment
Laughter and relationship connections matter more than skill. Share jokes to keep the mood light. Relate events in the game to special memories you have together.
In Closing
Playing stimulating games in supportive community with loved ones affords those with dementia cherished opportunities for enjoyment and dignity. Simple activities that tap into long term memory rest on preserved abilities and spark meaningful social connectedness. Determine each person's current capacities and meet them where they're at to set up mutually fulfilling engagement.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.
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