Tips for Stopping Metformin Diarrhea Side Effect

Getting Relief from Metformin Diarrhea

Metformin is an effective and commonly prescribed medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It works by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing glucose production by the liver. However, one unpleasant side effect experienced by some people taking metformin is chronic diarrhea.

What Causes Metformin Diarrhea?

The exact mechanisms are unknown but a few possibilities exist:

• Increased bile acid malabsorption - metformin disrupts bile acid reabsorption in the intestines sending more bile to the colon which stimulates diarrhea.
• Changes to gut bacteria - metformin seems to encourage growth of bacteria that give off gases and irritants leading to diarrhea.
• Faster food transit - the medication may accelerate digestion meaning less water is absorbed resulting in loose, more frequent stools.

Stopping Metformin Diarrhea

If diarrhea due to metformin use is bothersome, there are some things you can try to ease symptoms:

Adjust Dosage

Talk to your doctor about reducing your metformin dose, then slowly increase back up over several weeks which allows your body to adjust. Extended release versions may also reduce diarrhea.

Manage Diet

Avoid greasy, fatty, processed, sugary and high fiber foods which are harder to digest. Stick to the BRAT diet - bananas, rice, applesauce and toast. Stay hydrated with electrolyte-rich fluids.

Supplements & Medications

Over-the-counter anti-diarrheal medications can provide relief in the short term. Probiotic supplements may help restore healthy gut flora for more lasting benefit.

Lifestyle Changes

Don't drink with meals as fluids dilute stomach acid needed to break down food. Exercise regularly to reduce glucose levels so less metformin is required. Quit smoking which exacerbates gastrointestinal issues.

Dealing with Persistent Diarrhea

Talk to your doctor if none of the above suggestions resolve metformin-related diarrhea. They may recommend:

• Switching diabetes medication
• Adding anti-diarrheal prescription medication
• Testing for lactose intolerance or celiac disease
• Assessing any related medications that could contribute
• Referral to a gastroenterologist

Metformin Benefits and Side Effects

While diarrhea affects some metformin users, it remains one of the most widely used and effective oral diabetes drugs. Understanding how it works and potential side effects can help manage expectations.

How Metformin Works

Metformin helps lower blood sugar levels by:

• Decreasing glucose production in the liver
• Improving insulin sensitivity and utilization in muscle tissue
• Slowing glucose absorption from food in the intestines

Together these mechanisms work to balance blood sugars and lower hemoglobin A1C levels.

Metformin Benefits

Some benefits beyond blood sugar control offered by metformin include:

• Weight loss - Improved insulin sensitivity promotes weight loss, especially when combined with diet and activity.
• Heart health – The medication seems to have a positive effect on cholesterol levels when used for over 10 years.
• Anti-cancer properties – Emerging research shows metformin may protect against and fight certain cancers.

Common Metformin Side Effects

In addition to diarrhea, possible side effects of metformin use involve:

• Stomach pain, nausea, vomiting
• Headache, weakness, dizziness
• Metallic taste in the mouth
• Appetite suppression and weight loss

These often resolve over time as your body adjusts. Let your doctor know if any worsen or severely impact your quality of life.

The Takeaway

Metformin offers effective blood sugar management with the added benefit of potential weight loss. But diarrhea from metformin can negatively affect lifestyle, nutrition and diabetes control. Thankfully several strategies exist to help reduce diarrhea and keep you on track.

Work with your healthcare providers to make dosage adjustments, treat contributing factors, supplement to improve digestion, switch medications if needed - so you can continue benefiting from metformin while avoiding unwanted bowel side effects.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.