Understanding Cysts in Stretch Marks: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Understanding Cysts in Stretch Marks

Stretch marks are a common occurrence, especially in times of growth and change. As the skin expands and contracts, these silvery stripes can emerge as collagen breaks down and tissue tears. For many people, stretch marks fade and cause minimal disturbance. But for some, stretch marks can become complicated by cysts.

What Are Epidermoid Cysts?

Epidermoid cysts, also called sebaceous or epidermal cysts, are small, harmless lumps that develop underneath the skin. They grow slowly, forming a sac filled with dead skin cells and keratin, a protein found in skin, hair, and nails.

Cysts can develop anywhere on the body but are most common on the face, neck, chest, shoulders or genitals. What triggers epidermoid cysts is unknown but they often emerge in hair follicles or pores clogged by oil or debris.

Cysts and Stretch Marks

Cysts can occasionally develop within stretch marks. The reasons why are uncertain but may be related to skin irritation, infection, and clogged pores. The body produces more keratin while healing injured skin which can get trapped and form lumps.

Those with hormonal conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome may also be prone to experiencing cysts in their stretch marks. The hormonal fluctuations that come with pregnancy can also increase cyst risk.

Signs and Symptoms

Cysts typically present as small (1-5mm) skin-toned bumps under or embedded within stretch mark ridges. They tend to be round, oval or cone-shaped and also:

• Dome-like protrusions
• Smooth or slightly rough texture
• Firm yet movable lumps
• Same color as surrounding skin or slightly yellowish
• Often painless but may feel tender or itchy when aggravated

When to See a Doctor

In most cases cysts in stretch marks dont require medical treatment. But its wise to point them out at your next dermatology appointment. This allows monitoring for any worrying changes.

See a doctor promptly if you notice a cyst that:

• Rapidly grows larger or changes shape/color
• Feels very painful, hot or inflamed
• Leaks fluid, bleeds or oozes pus
• Causes redness, swelling or infection

Diagnosing Cysts

Doctors can often diagnose cysts through visual exam alone. They may also palpate the lump to confirm it likely contains trapped keratin matter. Sometimes imaging tests like ultrasound, CT scan or MRI are used to further evaluate deeper cysts.

Skin Biopsy

Occasionally doctors perform a biopsy to confirm cyst diagnosis and rule out other conditions like skin cancer. This involves numbing the area, making a small incision to remove tissue, then closing with stitches.

Treatment Options

Many small epidermoid cysts in stretch marks dont require treatment beyond monitoring for changes during routine skin checks. They often rupture then heal on their own over weeks/months.

At-home Care

To help ease discomfort from cysts at home:

• Use warm compresses to promote drainage and soothing
• Avoid picking or scratching irritated cysts
• Wear loose clothing to prevent friction on cysts
• Apply over-the-counter antibiotic creams per package instructions if redness/swelling develops to prevent infection
• Note any symptoms like pain or changes in size/appearance

Medical Procedures

If cysts become problematic, doctors have various methods available for removal:

• Incision and Drainage: The lump is opened surgically then drained. The sac may be removed.
• Excision: Cutting out the entire cyst and sac through a small elliptical incision which is then stitched closed.
• Laser Therapy: Using specialized light energy to destroy cystic tissue which the body then reabsorbs.
• Steroid Injection: Cortisone shot to shrink inflammation from a cyst pressing on nerves/tissue.

Discuss the pros and cons of each approach to determine the right course of treatment for your situation.

Possible Complications

While mostly harmless, cysts can sometimes lead to complications like:

• Rupture - Cysts may burst open, leaking keratin and fluid which can ignite local inflammation and infection.
• Recurrence - Cysts return in the same spot or emerging elsewhere weeks/months post-treatment.
• Scar Tissue - Cyst removal may trade one skin burden for another if scarring is excessive.

Preventing Cysts

While cysts can be unpredictable, practicing good skincare may help lower risks:

• Moisturize daily, especially after bathing, to hydrate skin.
• Exfoliate regularly to unclog pores and follicles.
• Avoid harsh scrubbing/picking at skin.
• Wear loose, breathable clothing.
• Manage weigh gain and rapid stretching which can impact skin elasticity over time.

Catching any new cysts early allows for prompt treatment guidance from your dermatologist as well.

The Takeaway

Cysts within stretch marks are typically harmless. But some cases do necessitate treatment, especially when showing signs of irritation, changes or infection. Discuss any new lumps or bumps in stretch marks with your doctor.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.