Spray Tans vs Tanning Beds: Comparing Safety, Risks and Results

Understanding the Differences Between Spray Tanning and UV Tanning

A golden, sun-kissed glow looks healthy and attractive, but too much unprotected sun exposure can cause skin damage and increase skin cancer risk. This has led many people to look into alternatives like spray tans and tanning beds.

Spray tanning and tanning beds both promise tan skin without sun damage. But these options have key differences in how they work and their safety implications. When deciding between spray tans vs. tanning beds, its important to understand the pros and cons of each.

How Spray Tans Work

Spray tanning, also called sunless tanning, uses a formulated self-tanning product that you spray onto the skin. Common active ingredients include dihydroxyacetone (DHA) and erythrulose.

When applied topically, these ingredients interact with amino acids on the outer layer of skin to produce a temporary brown color change resembling a tan. The color typically develops over 2-4 hours and lasts around 5-10 days.

Spray tans can be applied professionally at tanning salons or spas, or using at-home kits. They continue to increase in popularity as an alternative to UV tanning methods.

How Tanning Beds Work

Tanning beds use controlled doses of ultraviolet (UV) light to tan the skin. There are two main types of UV light used:

• UVA rays - Cause skin to tan by stimulating melanin production
• UVB rays - Burn the outer layer of skin to kickstart melanin production

Most tanning beds emit a higher ratio of UVA rays compared to natural sunlight. Exposure is controlled through adjustable session times and UV output based on the customers skin tone.

The tan develops over 24-72 hours after tanning and can last weeks or months depending on UV dose and skin type. Sessions typically need to be repeated weekly or monthly to maintain color.

Comparing the Safety of Spray Tans and Tanning Beds

When it comes to safety, spray tans have a distinct advantage over UV tanning. Heres how the risks compare:

Skin Cancer Risk

Numerous studies have linked indoor tanning bed use to increased skin cancer risk. Frequent use before age 25 raises melanoma risk by 59% alone.

UV light damages skin cell DNA directly and generates free radicals that cause oxidative damage. This can lead to genetic mutations and cancerous changes over time.

Spray tans do not expose skin to UV light. DHA has not been shown to penetrate beyond the outer layer of skin or enter the bloodstream. There is minimal skin cancer risk unless spray tan solutions are inhaled.

Skin Aging

UVA rays in particular penetrate deep into the dermis. They break down collagen and elastin fibers that keep skin firm and youthful.

Tanning beds accelerate wrinkles, fine lines, age spots, uneven pigmentation, and loss of elasticity. These effects build up with repeated exposure.

Spray tans only stain the surface of skin and do not affect underlying skin structures. There is no premature aging and skin damage like with UV light exposure.

Eye Damage

Exposure to UV rays can burn the cornea and retina, increasing the risk for conditions like cataracts. Tanning bed use more than doubles the risk of developing eye melanoma specifically.

Spray tans do not expose the eyes to UV light. As long as protective eyewear is worn during application, spray tans pose minimal risk for eye damage with repeated use.

Weakened Immune System

Frequent tanning bed use can inhibit proper functioning of the skins immune cells. This makes it harder for the body to detect and fight abnormalities like cancerous cells.

The coloring agents in spray tans do not affect immune cells or immune function in the skin or body. There are no immunosuppressive effects like with UV tanning.

Burns

Hot UV bulbs combined with extended tanning times frequently lead to painful burns. This causes additional skin damage on top of the harm from UV rays.

When applied correctly, spray tans do not burn the skin. Any irritation is usually mild and due to sensitivities or allergies to certain spray tan ingredients or improper application.

Downsides and Considerations of Spray Tans

While much safer overall than tanning beds, spray tans do have some downsides and risks to keep in mind:

Potential Allergic Reactions

The active ingredients, fragrances, and preservatives in spray tan solutions can cause allergic reactions in those with sensitivities. Patch testing on a small area first is recommended.

Inhalation Concerns

Inhaling spray tan chemicals can irritate the lungs. Use proper protective gear like nose filters to minimize inhalation exposure during application.

Messy Self-Application

Applying spray tan at home can easily lead to streaking and missed spots if you don't know proper technique. Uneven fading may also occur.

Stained Palms and Soles

The thick skin on palms and soles tends to absorb more color leading to an unnatural orange hue. Barrier creams can help but may not fully prevent staining.

Transfer to Clothes/Sheets

Failing to properly rinse and dry skin after application can transfer spray tan onto clothing and bedding as it continues developing.

Temporary Color

Spray tans only provide color for 5-10 days before fading. Maintaining a sunless tan year-round requires repeated applications and cost.

Maximizing Safety and Results with Spray Tans

While spray tans come with some minor drawbacks, they are exponentially safer for your skin versus UV tanning. Here are some tips to get the best spray tan safely:

Research Ingredients

Look for spray solutions with all-natural, hypoallergenic formulas with minimal preservatives. Ask salons what products they use.

Exfoliate Skin Beforehand

Gently sloughing off dead skin ensures an even application. Focus on dry areas like elbows, knees and ankles.

Use Protective Gear

Wear gloves, nose filters, and protective eyewear. Barrier creams on palms and soles can prevent excess absorption.

Rinse and Dry Thoroughly

Rinsing off residual solution prevents it from transferring to other surfaces and gives an even finish.

Moisturize After

Hydrating with moisturizer maintains skin softness. Avoid heavy lotions that could make spray tan rub off.

Exfoliate Before Reapplying

Buff off any lingering color so it doesn't mix with new application and turn orange.

Alternative Tanning Options Besides Spray Tans and Beds

If you want to avoid the risks of UV exposure but are concerned about spray tans, other safe alternatives include:

Sunless Tanning Lotions

Self-tanners provide an easy, mess-free option for DIY tanning. They carry the same low risk as spray solutions.

Tanning Accelerators/Pills

Oral supplements promote melanin production for faster tanning and protection from sunburns when used with real sun exposure or tanning beds.

Bronzers

Cosmetic bronzers like powders, creams, and shimmer lotions provide an instant glow without skin color change. They wash off easily with soap and water.

Tanning Makeup

Foundations, bronzers, and tinted moisturizers designed for sun-kissed color provide safe, customizable glow without UV exposure or DHA.

The Safest Choice Between Spray Tans and Tanning Beds

Spray tans provide much safer skin bronzing compared to UV tanning from tanning beds. While spray tans have minor drawbacks, they carry minimal cancer risk and allow you to avoid UV damage.

Tanning beds may seem convenient, but frequent use before age 35 raises melanoma risk by 75%. The accumulated skin damage simply isn't worth the risk just to avoid spray tanning learning curves or upkeep.

Always research spray tan ingredients and use proper application techniques for the best results safely. With some trial and error, you can master the art of sunless tanning and get a gorgeous glow without endangering your skin.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.