Expert Dos and Don'ts for Safely Taking Blood Thinner Medications

What Are Blood Thinners?

Blood thinners, also known as anticoagulants, are medications that prevent blood clots from forming and growing larger. They work by reducing the ability of the blood to clot or thicken. Blood clots can cause serious medical conditions such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, stroke, and heart attack. That's why people at high risk of developing clots may be prescribed blood thinners as a preventive measure.

There are different types of blood thinners including:

• Warfarin (Coumadin)
• Heparin
• Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
• Fondaparinux (Arixtra)
• Dabigatran (Pradaxa)
• Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
• Apixaban (Eliquis)
• Edoxaban (Savaysa)

While these medications are effective, they do come with risks. Proper dosing and monitoring are important when taking blood thinners. Following some key dos and don'ts can help ensure safe and effective treatment.

Blood Thinner Dos

Take your blood thinner as directed

Always take your anticoagulant medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Never skip a dose or alter the timing or amount you take. Make sure you understand the dosing schedule and take the drug accordingly. With warfarin, for example, the dosage may need frequent adjusting based on the results of blood tests.

Monitor your blood regularly

Those taking warfarin need to have blood tests like the INR regularly to ensure proper dosing. Your doctor will let you know how often you need this test based on your individual health profile and response to the medication. Monitoring blood levels allows your doctor to adjust the warfarin dosage to maintain a therapeutic range.

Watch what you eat

Some foods can interact with warfarin and impact the blood thinning effects. It's important to maintain a consistent diet and avoid sudden major dietary changes. Eat plenty of leafy greens, which provide vitamin K. Avoid binge drinking and limit alcohol. Talk to your doctor about any supplements or herbal remedies, as some may also interfere with warfarin.

Stay hydrated

Dehydration can increase the blood thinning effects of warfarin and raise bleeding risk. Aim to drink at least six to eight 8-ounce glasses of non-alcoholic fluids daily.

Use reminders

To avoid missing doses, set a daily reminder. You can use a pillbox marked with the days of the week or set an alarm on your phone. Apps like Medisafe can send you notifications when it's time to take your blood thinner.

Carry medical ID

Wear a medical alert bracelet or necklace identifying that you take a blood thinner. This way emergency responders will know about your medication if you are in an accident or unconscious.

Get vaccinated

Stay up to date on immunizations, especially the flu shot. Being sick increases clotting risk. The pneumonia vaccine is also recommended for people taking blood thinners.

Blood Thinner Don'ts

Don't stop treatment early

It may be tempting to stop taking your blood thinner once you feel better, but don't. Stopping treatment too soon increases the risk of developing another blood clot. Take the medication for the full course prescribed by your doctor.

Don't take non-prescribed drugs

Over-the-counter drugs like ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin can negatively interact with blood thinners. Always check with your doctor before taking any new medications, herbs, or supplements.

Don't engage in dangerous activities

Avoid contact sports and activities with a high risk of trauma, injury, or bleeding. Blood thinners make it harder to stop bleeding if you get hurt. Also avoid extreme hot tubs and saunas which boost clotting risk.

Don't forget to refill

Always refill your prescription before you run out completely. Missing even one or two doses can increase your risk of developing a blood clot. Set up automatic refills or alerts to help you remember.

Don't double dose

If you miss a scheduled dose, take the blood thinner as soon as you remember. But never double up on the next dose to "catch up." Doubling up can dangerously elevate anticoagulation levels and bleeding risk.

Don't make diet changes

Sudden dramatic changes in your diet can impact warfarin levels. Try to keep Vitamin K intake from foods like leafy greens consistent from week to week. Avoid crash or fad diets while on blood thinners.

Don't drink alcohol excessively

Heavy alcohol consumption can cause potentially dangerous interactions with warfarin. Men should limit alcohol to two drinks or less per day. Pregnant women and women trying to conceive should avoid alcohol completely.

Don't use razors or scissors

Use electric razors instead of blades to avoid nicks and cuts which can bleed excessively when taking blood thinners. Don't use sharp tools like scissors either unless necessary.

Don't play contact sports

Avoid contact sports like football, hockey, boxing, and wrestling while on blood thinners. The impact can cause internal bleeding issues. Opt for non-contact sports like walking, swimming, and yoga instead.

The Bottom Line

Blood thinners provide important protection against dangerous clots for those at increased risk. But they also come with a risk of excessive bleeding. By carefully following doctor's orders and avoiding the don'ts - like stopping early or double dosing - you can safely manage anticoagulant treatment. Monitoring via regular blood tests coupled with lifestyle precautions can help minimize side effects.

Always talk to your doctor right away if you experience any unusual bleeding, bruising, or other issues while on blood thinners. Ongoing communication with your healthcare provider can help ensure you strike the right balance between clot prevention and bleeding risk.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.