Fibromyalgia and Breathing Problems - Understanding the Connection and Finding Relief

Understanding Fibromyalgia and Breathing Difficulties

Fibromyalgia is a complex chronic health condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep issues, and other symptoms. Recent research has suggested that many fibromyalgia patients also experience breathing problems and shortness of breath.

What is Fibromyalgia?

Fibromyalgia is believed to be caused by abnormalities in how the brain and spinal cord process pain signals. It leads to increased sensitivity to pain across the body. While the specific causes are still being investigated, research suggests that genetics, infections, trauma, and stress can contribute to development of fibromyalgia.

In addition to pain, common fibromyalgia symptoms include:

• Fatigue
• Sleep disturbances
• Memory and concentration issues (fibro fog)
• Headaches
• Numbness or tingling
• Sensitivity to temperature changes
• Depression or anxiety

The Link Between Fibromyalgia and Breathing Problems

A number of studies have found that a significant percentage of fibromyalgia patients experience shortness of breath and other breathing difficulties. Estimates range from about 30% to over 60% of patients reporting respiratory issues.

Some key research on the overlap between fibromyalgia and breathing dysfunction includes:

• A 2013 study found 32% of fibromyalgia patients had shortness of breath, compared to only 4% of healthy controls.
• A 2016 study reported that 63% of fibromyalgia patients experienced exertional dyspnea (shortness of breath with exercise).
• Multiple studies have identified abnormal pulmonary function test results in some fibromyalgia patients.

Potential Causes of Breathing Problems in Fibromyalgia

Researchers are still investigating the root causes behind breathing dysfunction in fibromyalgia. Some theories include:

• Central sensitivity - Increased sensitivity in the nerves of the brain and spinal cord may disrupt signals controlling breathing muscles.
• Physical deconditioning – Low activity levels can lead to poor fitness and increased shortness of breath.
• Obstructive sleep apnea – Sleep apnea is more common in fibromyalgia and may contribute to respiratory dysfunction.
• Anxiety – Fibromyalgia is linked to higher anxiety levels, which can manifest as shortness of breath.

How Breathing Problems Impact Life with Fibromyalgia

Difficulty breathing can significantly reduce quality of life for those living with fibromyalgia. Key impacts include:

• Increased pain and fatigue from exertion or high activity levels.
• Discomfort, anxiety, and poor sleep from shortness of breath symptoms.
• Reduced ability to exercise due to breathing limitations.
• Higher risk of mood disorders like depression due to restricted activities.

Getting Evaluated for Breathing Dysfunction

If you experience unexplained shortness of breath or respiratory issues, it is important to get medically evaluated by your doctor. They can help determine if there is an underlying lung condition contributing to your symptoms.

Some tests your doctor might recommend include:

• Physical exam - Listening to your breathing can reveal abnormal sounds.
• Pulmonary function tests - Measures lung capacity and airflow.
• Chest X-rays - Helps identify issues like pneumonia or inflammation.
• Blood oxygen monitoring - Low oxygen levels can indicate respiratory disorders.
• Sleep study - Used to diagnose potential sleep apnea.

Management Options for Breathing Problems in Fibromyalgia

Getting breathing difficulties properly diagnosed opens up treatment options that can provide symptom relief. Management approaches may include:

• Exercise training - Slowly building fitness can improve respiratory muscle function.
• Pulmonary rehab - Specialized therapy to increase lung strength and capacity.
• CPAP for sleep apnea - Improves nighttime breathing and oxygen levels.
• Anxiety treatment - Counseling and medication to reduce panic attacks.
• Pain management - Getting pain under better control can ease breathing issues.

The Outlook for Breathing Problems in Fibromyalgia

Breathing difficulties are a relatively common and impactful symptom for those with fibromyalgia. The good news is that increased recognition of this connection has led to more research into effective treatments.

Collaborative healthcare which addresses fibromyalgia and breathing dysfunction together holds promise for improving patient outcomes. Ongoing study of underlying causes will also open new windows for management approaches.

Patients who experience unexplained shortness of breath should speak with their doctor early on about evaluation and care options. While breathing problems present challenges in living with fibromyalgia, there are ways to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.