Indian Home Remedies to Treat Fever in Children Naturally

Understanding Fever in Children

Fever is a common problem faced by children. It is characterized by an increase in body temperature above the normal range. Fevers are especially concerning in young children as their immune systems are still developing. Fevers can be indicative of an underlying infection that requires medical treatment. However, most fevers in children are not serious and often resolve on their own within a few days.

A fever in children is usually considered when the body temperature is above 100.4°F (38°C) rectally. Fevers can be classified as low-grade (100.4°F to 102.2°F or 38°C to 39°C), moderate-grade (102.2°F to 104.5°F or 39°C to 40°C), and high-grade (over 104.5°F or 40°C). Fevers are a result of pyrogens circulating in the bloodstream, which raise the body's thermostat in the hypothalamus of the brain. Pyrogens include bacteria, viruses, parasites, tumor cells, medications, and toxins. In response, the body steps up its temperature to create an environment that is less optimal for the pathogen's growth and survival.

It is important to note that fever is a natural defense mechanism of the body. Fevers support the immune system's ability to fight infection. Therefore, the presence of a fever does not always require treatment with medications. In fact, fevers should only be treated if the child is uncomfortable or has a history of febrile seizures.

Causes of Fever in Children

There are many potential causes of fever in children:

• Viral infections like cold, flu, COVID-19, chickenpox, gastroenteritis viruses etc.
• Bacterial infections like strep throat, urinary tract infections, ear infections, pneumonia etc.
• Parasitic infections like malaria, dengue
• Underlying health conditions like Kawasaki disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancers etc.
• Side effect of vaccines
• Heat exhaustion or heat stroke
• Medication side effects
• Teething

Viral infections are the most common cause of fevers in children. Most viral fevers follow a predictable course, peaking within 24 to 72 hours after onset. Bacterial infections, especially in very young infants, require medical attention as they can progress rapidly. Fever accompanied by a rash may indicate underlying measles, chickenpox or meningitis which also warrant medical care.

Risks Associated with Fever in Children

While fever is a protective response of the body, high or persistent fevers in children can also present certain risks such as:

• Febrile seizures - These are seizures brought on by a sudden spike in temperature in young children. About 2 to 5% of children between 6 months to 5 years tend to have febrile seizures.
• Dehydration - Fevers speed up water loss through sweating and breathing. Dehydration is a serious concern in children.
• Increased metabolic rate - High fevers raise the body's metabolic demands for oxygen and nutrients. This can be stressful for a child's body.
• Delirium or hallucinations - Very high fevers (over 105°F or 40.5°C) may alter mental status and cause confusion.

Parents should watch out for any signs of dehydration or increased discomfort and consult a pediatrician promptly. Febrile seizures are transient in nature and do not cause long term neurological issues. However, children with a history of febrile seizures need monitoring.

Home Remedies for Fever in Children

Most fevers in children can be managed safely at home with some simple interventions and care. Here are some home remedies that can provide relief from fever discomfort and support the body's self-healing process:

1. Keep the Child Well-Hydrated

Encouraging fluids and water intake should be the priority when caring for a feverish child at home. Dehydration is a serious issue with fever and causes headache, irritability, dry mouth and decreased urine output. Offer small sips of water, tender coconut water, fruit juices, oral rehydration solutions, electrolyte drinks, ice pops or frozen fruit bars frequently to boost hydration. Avoid sodas and concentrated juices high in sugar.

2. Keep the Child Lightly Dressed

Another way to help lower an elevated body temperature is to dress the child lightly in loose, airy clothing. Layering heavy blankets or bundling up the child could trap heat and cause temperature to rise further. Keep the room temperature comfortably cool. Give sponge baths with lukewarm water to lower high fevers if needed.

3. Encourage Rest

Rest and sleep allow the body to direct its energy towards fighting infection rather than daily activities. The child's body temperature also tends to be lower during rest. Encourage naps, quiet play and light activities until the fever resolves. Avoid strenuous play or exercise.

4. Offer Light, Nutritious Foods

Loss of appetite is common with fevers. Do not force eat, but rather offer small, frequent portions of nutritious foods. Bland foods like porridge, rice broth, toast, boiled potatoes, bananas or apple sauce are gentler on the stomach. Avoid heavy, greasy, or sugary foods. Keep the child well-hydrated.

5. Monitor Temperature

Keep track of the child's temperature with a thermometer every 2-3 hours or as needed. This helps identify any spikes in fever and gauge if it is responding to treatment. Rectal temperature gives the most accurate reading in children. Call the doctor if fever rises too high, above 104°F (40°C) or does not seem to be improving over 24-48 hours.

6. Consider Fever Reducing Medications

Medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can provide relief from fever and associated body aches. However, they only temporarily suppress the fever and do not treat the underlying cause. Use age-appropriate doses of medications only if the child has high discomfort or high risk of febrile seizures. Avoid aspirin due to its link with Reye's syndrome in children.

7. Use Cool Compresses

Applying a cool, damp washcloth on the child's forehead, wrists, elbow creases or neck can have a cooling effect on the body temperature. Cotton socks soaked in cool water and applied to feet is also effective. Do not use ice cold compresses or rub the child with alcohol as they can cause shivering which raises body temperature further.

8. Maintain Hygiene

Use a separate thermometer for the sick child and disinfect it after each use. Wash hands, toys and surfaces regularly to prevent spread of infection. Teach the child to use tissues to cover coughs and sneezes and avoid touching the face, eyes, nose and mouth.

9. Consider Immune Boosting Foods

Once the appetite improves, provide foods and drinks that support the body's immune system like fresh fruits, vegetables, yogurt, soups and herbal teas. Vitamin C rich citrus fruits, Indian gooseberry (amla), turmeric milk build resistance against infections. Avoid giving bitter taste foods and drinks during fever.

10. Make the Child Rest Comfortably

Keep the sick child as comfortable as possible. Dress in light, breathable clothing. Use light, soft blankets. Provide extra pillows for support. A lukewarm water bottle wrapped in a towel and placed on the abdomen may provide relief from body aches.

Herbal Remedies for Fever in Children

Many Indian households traditionally use certain time-tested herbs to help lower fever discomfort in children. Some beneficial herbs include:

Tulsi or Holy Basil

Tulsi has antimicrobial, detoxifying and immune boosting properties. It helps fight viral and bacterial infections. Prepare a light tea by boiling 10-15 tulsi leaves in a cup of water. Add natural sweetener like honey when cooled and give 2 to 3 times a day. Tulsi leaves paste applied on the forehead provides a cooling effect.

Ginger

Ginger improves circulation and flushes toxins from the body. It also reduces inflammation and body aches associated with fevers. Add freshly grated ginger to herbal teas or warm water. Diluted ginger extract can be massaged gently all over the body to relieve aches.

Giloy

Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) is an excellent immunity booster. It works as a natural antipyretic and reduces recurrent fevers. Add giloy juice or powder to milk or honey. Giloy also enhances the effects of other herbs when used together.

Fenugreek

Fenugreek (methi) leaves help lower fever by improving sweat production to eliminate toxins. Soak some fenugreek seeds overnight in water. Drink the water along with the seeds next morning on an empty stomach. Alternatively, lightly boil 1 teaspoon seeds in 1 cup water till it turns slightly sticky. Give a teaspoon of this liquid extract 2 to 3 times a day.

Ashwagandha

Ashwagandha acts as an adaptogen and reduces the stress of fever on the body. It boosts strength and energy levels. Mix 1/2 teaspoon powder in warm milk and give before bedtime. Ashwagandha also promotes restful sleep which aids recovery.

Peppermint

Peppermint is cooling and antimicrobial. It helps lower temperature and fights infections causing fever. Make a mild peppermint tea using leaves or candied extract. Compresses dipped in diluted peppermint oil may also bring down high fevers when applied to the head, neck and chest.

Coriander Seeds

Coriander seeds induce sweating to flush out toxins and infection. Lightly crush some seeds and steep in hot water for 15 minutes. Strain and mix with some honey before drinking when cooled. Alternatively, prepare a paste of ground seeds with water and apply on soles of the feet.

Fennel Seeds

Fennel seeds improve digestion and expel mucus caused by respiratory infections. Chew 1/2 teaspoon lightly roasted, powdered fennel seeds 2 to 3 times a day. For young children, mix the powder in warm water or honey and give in appropriate doses.

Herbal remedies can provide supportive care for fevers, but medical advice is still recommended in children to treat the underlying cause appropriately. Do not delay medical help if fever persists beyond 48 hours or is accompanied by severe symptoms.

Preventing Fever in Children with Diet and Lifestyle

Parents can take certain measures to boost their child's immunity and prevent recurrent fever episodes:

Nutrition

Provide a balanced, nutritious diet. Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, yogurt, nuts and seeds. Vitamins A, C, D, E, B-complex, zinc and iron build strong immune defenses.

Probiotics

Include probiotic foods like yogurt, kefir, kimchi regularly to promote growth of healthy gut bacteria which play a key role in immunity.

Stay Hydrated

Encourage daily fluid intake to keep the child well hydrated. Water helps flush out toxins and thins out mucus.

Adequate Rest

Ensure the child gets sufficient, good quality sleep for their age. Lack of sleep negatively affects immunity.

Reduce Stress

Find ways to lower the child's stress levels through relaxing activities, positive thinking, laughter, etc. Excess stress hormones suppress immunity.

Hygiene

Teach and model good hygiene practices like hand washing, covering coughs, avoiding sick contacts, disinfecting surfaces etc.

Breastfeeding

Breastmilk provides powerful antibodies that boost infant immunity. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months.

Avoid Tobacco Smoke

Second hand tobacco smoke increases the child's risk of respiratory infections. Ensure a smoke-free environment.

Immunizations

Follow recommended vaccine schedules to protect from vaccine-preventable diseases like measles, flu, chickenpox etc.

Exercise

Encourage daily physical activity appropriate for the child's age to build strength and immunity.

While occasional fevers are expected in childhood, parents can take certain preventive measures to lower frequency and severity of episodes. Maintaining good hygiene, nutrition, hydration and lifestyle habits goes a long way in building the child's defenses against infections.

When to See a Doctor

While most fevers can be managed at home, immediate medical attention is warranted if the child exhibits any of the following:

• Newborn under 3 months with a rectal temperature above 100.4°F (38°C)
• Fever above 104°F (40°C)
• Fever lasting more than 72 hours
• Inconsolable crying, extreme irritability
• Difficulty breathing, rapid breathing
• Blue lips, tongue, nails beds
• Rash
• Stiff neck
• Persistent vomiting or diarrhea
• Severe headache
• Confusion, delirium
• Unresponsiveness

Young infants are especially vulnerable to serious bacterial infections. High spiking fevers, breathing difficulty and altered mental status are red flags of a medical emergency. Skin rashes may indicate meningitis, measles or other illness needing prompt care. Persistent fever along with other concerning symptoms could suggest an underlying appendicitis, pneumonia or urinary tract infection. Parents should watch for dehydration, respiratory distress and signs of shock. When in doubt, do not hesitate to seek medical help.

Conclusion

Fevers are a very common childhood complaint. Most fevers are due to self-limiting viral illnesses and may be managed with supportive care at home. Getting rest and staying well-hydrated are key. Herbal remedies like tulsi, ginger, giloy and fenugreek may help provide comfort and additional relief. Preventive lifestyle measures boost child's immunity against infections. While home treatment is suitable in most cases, high or persistent fevers accompanied by other worrying symptoms warrant prompt medical attention. Close monitoring and safety of the child are paramount when fever is present.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.