What Exactly is a Partial Hysterectomy?
During a partial hysterectomy, the surgeon removes only the upper part of the uterus. The lower part of the uterus, called the cervix, is left intact. The ovaries and fallopian tubes are also not removed.
This is different from a total hysterectomy, where the entire uterus and cervix are removed. It's also different from a radical hysterectomy where the uterus, cervix, ovaries, fallopian tubes and lymph nodes are removed.
Why Do Women Get Partial Hysterectomies?
There are a few key reasons a surgeon may recommend a partial instead of full hysterectomy:
- Fibroids or adenomyosis - Removing the upper uterus improves symptoms while leaving the cervix for support
- Cancer - Allows removal of cancerous tissue while preserving healthy tissue
- Prolapse - The cervix helps support pelvic organs after the uterus is removed
- Age - Preserves hormones provided by the ovaries
How is a Partial Hysterectomy Performed?
There are a few different surgical techniques used to perform a partial hysterectomy:
Laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy
The surgeon inserts a laparoscope through tiny incisions in the abdomen. This instrument has a camera to guide removal of the upper uterus with surgical tools.
Vaginal supracervical hysterectomy
The upper uterus is removed through an incision at the top of the vagina. No external abdominal incisions are made.
Robot-assisted supracervical hysterectomy
The surgeon controls robotic instruments to remove the upper uterus using small abdominal incisions.
What to Expect After a Partial Hysterectomy
Recovering after any hysterectomy surgery takes time. You'll likely stay 1-2 nights in the hospital and should expect a 6-8 week recovery period. Here's what to expect during the healing process:
Pain and Bleeding
Most women have moderate pain and light vaginal bleeding for 1-2 weeks after surgery. Over-the-counter medication can help relieve pain.
Activity Restrictions
Avoid any strenuous activity for 4-6 weeks. Your doctor will let you know when it's safe to resume exercise, driving, heavy lifting (over 10 lbs), and sexual intercourse.
Work and Daily Routine
Most women take 4-6 weeks off work and regular activities to rest and heal. Make sure you have support for childcare, meals, and household chores during this time.
Emotional Health
Some women experience depression or mood swings after hysterectomy. Don't hesitate to reach out for emotional support from loved ones or your doctor.
Life After Partial Hysterectomy: What to Expect
While hysterectomy ends menstrual periods permanently, women can still enjoy an active, healthy life after surgery. But there are some changes to expect.
Hormones
Since the ovaries remain, hormone levels should be unaffected after partial hysterectomy. But some women still experience menopausal symptoms like hot flashes.
Sex and Relationships
Many couples enjoy improved intimacy after hysterectomy from relief of symptoms. But a minority of women experience decreased libido. Discuss any concerns with your doctor.
Physical Impact
With the cervix left intact, pelvic support should be unchanged after partial hysterectomy. But weakness is possible, so Kegel exercises are recommended.
Cancer Risk
Partial hysterectomy may slightly increase ovarian cancer risk since some fallopian tube tissue remains. But overall risk is low.
Long-Term Outlook
Most women recover well with no long-term issues. But lifelong monitoring by a gynecologist is recommended for any remaining reproductive organs.
Is Partial Hysterectomy Right for You?
While a partial hysterectomy has clear benefits, it's major surgery with serious risks. Have an open and honest discussion with your gynecologist before proceeding. Key questions to ask:
Why do I need this surgery? Are alternative treatments available?
Make sure you understand the medical reasons and have considered other options like medication, IUDs, endometrial ablation or myomectomy.
What are the short and long-term risks?
Complications like infection, blood clots, injury to other organs, pain with intercourse, and urinary issues can occur.
How will surgery impact my quality of life?
Consider impacts on your hormone balance, sex life, and ability to work and care for your family during recovery.
What if I change my mind about fertility?
Partial hysterectomy prevents future pregnancy. Consider alternatives if you may want children.
Get all your questions answered so you can make a knowledgeable decision. Every woman's condition and needs are unique when it comes to hysterectomy.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.
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