When to See a Doctor for Hemorrhoids: Symptoms and Specialist Options

Understanding Hemorrhoids and When to See a Doctor

Hemorrhoids are swollen veins located in and around the anus and rectum that have become inflamed or irritated. Most people experience hemorrhoids at some point in their lives, often without significant discomfort or symptoms. However, for around 10-20% of adults, hemorrhoidal inflammation and irritation can cause symptoms that negatively impact daily life.

In mild cases, some over-the-counter remedies like witch hazel, topical hydrocortisone, or stool softeners may provide relief from hemorrhoid symptoms. But when is it time to see a doctor about hemorrhoids?

Pain and Discomfort from Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (under the skin surrounding the anus), with many people experiencing both. As hemorrhoids become inflamed and swollen with pooled blood, they can grow in size and begin prolapsing through the anus.

This can cause symptoms like:

• Pain or discomfort
• Itching or burning sensation around the anus
• Difficulty sitting down
• Blood on toilet paper or in the toilet bowl after a bowel movement

Typically painless internal hemorrhoids can begin to cause discomfort as they prolapse and become exposed. External hemorrhoids are often more likely to be painful given their location under skin that is rich with nerves.

When Hemorrhoid Symptoms Persist

For occasional and mild hemorrhoid flare ups, home treatments may resolve symptoms within a week or so. But if hemorrhoid pain, itching, or bleeding persists longer than a week or continues to recur, it may require professional medical treatment.

Persistent hemorrhoid symptoms or frequent hemorrhoid flare ups can greatly diminish one's quality of life. Sitting, using the bathroom, and other regular daily movements can become very painful and difficult.

Signs of Potential Hemorrhoid Complications

While hemorrhoids are typically more of a nuisance than a serious condition, they can potentially develop complications like:

• Blood clots (thrombosis), causing an extremely painful swollen lump near the anus
• Strangulated hemorrhoids with a cut off blood supply
• Anemia from prolonged bleeding
• Infection
• Tissue damage or abscess requiring surgery

These types of issues warrant prompt evaluation by a doctor. Catching them early can prevent escalation into emergency situations.

When to See a Hemorrhoid Doctor or Specialist

Given the delicate nature of hemorrhoids and their location, some people feel embarrassed or shy about seeking medical care. But doctors and colorectal specialists examine hemorrhoids frequently as a routine part of their practice.

The following signs indicate it's a good idea to be evaluated by a professional:

1. Persistent Symptoms with No Relief

If over-the-counter hemorrhoid remedies have not improved symptoms after a week, it's a sign that the hemorrhoids require further assessment and treatment. A colorectal doctor can properly diagnose the extent of inflammation and suggest more advanced treatment options.

2. Frequent Hemorrhoid Flare Ups

Some unlucky individuals seem prone to frequent bouts of recurrent hemorrhoid pain and swelling. If inflamed hemorrhoids are a persistent problem coming and going every few weeks or months, it likely requires expert management.

A doctor can evaluate for underlying causes and help prevent future recurrences with better long term treatment regimens.

3. Significant Bleeding

Spotting a few drops of bright red blood on the toilet paper is common with hemorrhoids and usually not serious. But recurrent episodes of bleeding or heavier blood loss deserve evaluation to rule out other causes.

A doctor can assess things like anemia and recommend treatment to safely stop hemorrhoidal bleeding while avoiding complications.

4. Severe Pain or Difficulty Going to the Bathroom

While some mild to moderate discomfort is common with hemorrhoids, severe or excruciating pain indicates a need for urgent evaluation. Intolerable pain can signify dangerous complications like a blood clot or strangulated hemorrhoid.

Likewise difficulty going to the bathroom despite the urge to pass stool suggests a doctor should inspect for prolapsed internal hemorrhoids or masses obstructing the anus. This helps avoid outcomes like bowel obstruction constipation.

Types of Hemorrhoid Doctors and Specialists

If over-the-counter remedies fail to relieve irritating hemorrhoids, consulting a doctor is the next step. There are different specialists equipped to accurately diagnose the extent of hemorrhoidal inflammation and provide advanced treatment options.

Primary Care Provider

A primary care physician like a family medicine doctor, general practitioner, internist, or pediatrician can perform an initial hemorrhoid evaluation. They can suggest prescription medications or refer to specialists for further treatment.

Gastroenterologist

A gastroenterologist specializes in digestive diseases and can treat common anorectal conditions like hemorrhoids. They can provide remedies to relieve symptoms as well as rule out other colorectal problems.

Proctologist

Proctology physicians receive dedicated training to treat hemorrhoids, anal disorders, rectal diseases, and other pelvic floor conditions. They can accurately diagnose the type and severity of hemorrhoids present using anoscopy and provide medical or surgical treatment.

Colon and Rectal Surgeon

For patients who do not improve with other treatments, a colon and rectal surgeon can provide last-line options like hemorrhoidectomy surgery and other procedures to remove hemorrhoids if necessary.

When to Visit an Emergency Room for Hemorrhoids

In the vast majority of hemorrhoid cases, symptoms can be managed on an outpatient basis without needing emergency department evaluation. However, there are some hemorrhoid complications that require urgent ER treatment:

• Uncontrolled bleeding from hemorrhoidal arteries
• Acutely painful thrombosed external hemorrhoids
• Hemorrhoid symptoms with fever or evidence of infection
• Inability to have a bowel movement accompanied by vomiting and abdominal pain

The emergency room is equipped to rapidly provide pain control, stop hemorroidal bleeding emergently, drain infections, and prevent serious consequences like severe blood loss or bowel obstruction.

Finding a Local Hemorrhoid Doctor

Dealing with uncomfortable hemorrhoid symptoms can be frustrating when they persist or keep recurring. But a highly trained specialist can help diagnose the underlying problem and outline a treatment plan tailored to your needs.

Talk to Your Primary Doctor

As a first step, have an open conversation with your primary care physician about what's going on with your hemorrhoids. They can coordinate referrals and suggest doctors to help provide relief.

Search Your Insurance Network

Check your health insurance plan's online directory to find in-network gastroenterologists, colorectal surgeons, or proctologists near you. This allows you to get specialized hemorrhoid care covered under your benefits.

Lookup Quality Ratings

Research doctors' credentials and quality indicators on sites like Healthgrades that aggregate patient ratings and reviews. This allows you to select a hemorrhoid specialist consistently delivering excellent care.

Suffering from recurrent bouts of painful hemorrhoid inflammation can be taxing on your physical health and quality of life. But the right doctor can accurately diagnose your condition and walk you through solutions tailored to provide lasting relief.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen.